Pulmonary artery stenosis

Pulmonary artery stenosis is an obstruction at the level of the right ventricular outflow tract and is relatively common congenital cardiac malformations. Narrowing be localized on the biota subvalvulnom level, at the level of the pulmonary artery and valve supravalvulno, and may represent a more localized combinations. Valve disease pulmonary stenosis is the most common form of isolated outflow tract obstruction of the right ventricle.

The cause of

Congenital heart defects occur in a complex interaction of genetic factors and environmental factors. It is rare to find the cause of congenital cardiac malformations such as, for example, maternal rubella or chronically excessive abuse of alcohol in the mother during embryogenesis. Various factors such as hypoxia, ionizing radiation, certain drugs have teratogenic effects. The risk of congenital heart defects in children of parents with congenital heart malformation is low, 2-5%, and would not need to be an obstacle in the planning of the offspring.

The clinical picture

Symptoms depend on the degree of narrowing of the pulmonary artery valve. Patients with mild stenosis usually have no symptoms and the disease usually does not show significant progress in the course of life, and reveal the findings of the noise survey. More severe stenosis prevents a corresponding increase in cardiac output during physical exertion and coming soon to the expression of fatigue, dyspnea (shortness of breath) and may lead to the occurrence of syncope (transient loss of consciousness). There may be opening up communication between the right atrium and left atrium at the level of the foramen ovale, which is the only significant part of the population is functionally closed, but not anatomically obliterisan. With the transition neoksigenisane blood from the right to the left prekomoru, and then the systemic circulation and leads to cyanosis (bruised). Like all cyanogen heart defects, and this slows down growth and increased body weight and height of the child. Greater sensitivity to the boys showed cyanosis.

Diagnosis

It is based on clinical presentation, physical examination (systolic ejection murmur), ECG, x-ray, ultrasound, cardiac catheterization and angiography.

Treatment

Surgical treatment associated with relatively small risk. Recently, more and more valve stenosis, pulmonary artery resolved without surgical intervention, cardiac catheterization laboratories, using a balloon catheter and performing balloon - catheterization.